Difference between revisions of "Glej Theatre"

Latest revision as of 12:48, 2 March 2023

V Imenu Ljudstva (In the name of the people), directed by Jure Novak, producer Maska Institute, co-producer Glej Theatre, 2010.

Established in 1970, Glej Theatre is the oldest independent performing arts venue in Ljubljana. An important theatre production and education institution, Glej has been striving to explore theatrical practices in novel and daring ways ever since its early days. It remains a place open to unorthodox approaches and theatrical research, fore-fronting the upcoming generations of artists.

Background

Glej, which first emerged under the name "Experimental theatre Glej", was initially a response to the need for an alternative space for independent theatrical productions in Ljubljana. It was founded by a group of directors – who were inspired by the evolving experimental theatre approaches and who also introduced them into the Slovene space – among Lado Kralj, Dušan Jovanović and Zvone Šedlbauer. The name of the theatre (which can be translated as "Look!", "See!" or "Behold!") is a nod to the notions developed by the American theatre theorist and director Richard Schechner.

Works that did not (and do not) fit into the existing institutional theatre structures are Glej's staple. Already in its formative years it staged a number of highly acclaimed performances, most notably Bojan Štih's Monument G (Spomenik G, 1972), directed by Dušan Jovanović, and Milan Jesih's The Bitter Fruits of Justice (Grenki sadeži pravice, 1974), directed by Zvone Šedlbauer, which strongly influenced the theatre production in then-Yugoslavia.

During the 1980s, the theatre slowly moved away from radical experimental production. However, it retained its main orientation towards emerging and innovative authors able to offer new aesthetics and emphases. In the coming decades, it collaborated with a number of (still influential) directors and authors such as Vinko Möderndorfer, Eduard Miler, Iztok Kovač, Matjaž Pograjc, Matjaž Berger, Igor Štromajer, Jernej Lorenci, Tomi Janežič, Sebastjan Horvat, Diego DeBrea, Ivana Djilas, Ivica Buljan and Emil Hrvatin, to name but a few.

Programme

A rather small place in the old city centre, Glej has profiled itself as an alternative theatre of a diverse nature, setting up "devised theatre" alongside classical dramatic works, puppetry and even dance performances. It fosters numerous collaborations with Slovene as well as international organisations and often lends its premises for various independent artistic productions and festivals. Its challenging performances are frequently invited to international festivals, collecting several awards.

The conference of the birds, performance directed by Nina Rajić Kranjac; at Glej Theatre, 2015.

Art direction

As of the 2016/17 season, the theatre is led by a collective body, an "artistic council", which comprises personnel from different fields (production, criticism, public relations and organisation) and cooperates with the artists from conception to post-production to foster collaboration and safeguard high-quality art production. This gives Glej the flexibility to swiftly respond to any potential initiatives and needs in the theatre community.

Production through artist development

The theatre annually produces or co-produces several performances of different genres and styles. To counter hyper-productivity and fragmentation of the contemporary performing arts scene, Glej aims to develop and offer sustained support to artists (both those with established careers and those who are new to making work) by providing them the conditions for continuous production and opportunities for future work (also outside of the production itself, through education and visiting projects).

We are coming, the third part of the theatre trilogy Silent City staged within the Glej Theatre residency programme under the direction of Jaša Koceli, 2014.

As of 2013, the theatre runs Glej, Resident, a unique residency programme offering upcoming artists the opportunity to research, develop and produce their own poetics over a period of one year as an antidote to the prevailing fast-production models. Glej also runs a platform for short experimental theatre pieces, regardless of whether they are completed works or works in progress, called Glej, Miniatures. Glej strives to keep its programme structure open also through a year-round open call for theatrical and multidisciplinary projects.

Glej Theatre frequently collaborates with other institutions, be they fellow theatres or those coming from other artistic fields. One of its more striking collaborative enterprises is Transferzala, a combined season ticket for six independent Ljubljana theatres: Mini Theatre, Dance Theatre Ljubljana, Španski borci Culture Centre, Stara Elektrarna - Old Power Station, Vodnik Homestead and Glej Theatre. It is also one of the producers of the Trigger Festival.

Glej also publishes a journal called Glej, Paper, reflecting on the state of contemporary theatre and on how this particular theatre house deals with it.

Empowering less privileged groups through education and cultural production

Glej differs from other theatres in Slovenia by its unique way of identifying and addressing challenges in the performing arts community in Slovenia. (It has initiated a number of platforms that were later used by major institutions, one of them being the now defunct PreGlej na glas! Playwriting Festival, meant for the development of quality Slovene playwriting.) Recognising the urgency for addressing the needs of less privileged social groups (teenagers, seniors), Glej runs the Generation 2 Generation programme, with partners from the Netherlands, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and France, which aims to culturally empower these groups by developing their skills and offering them suitable contents. To this purpose, the theatre runs the project ŠtudenTeater (StudenTheatre), which encourages and facilitates cultural production amongst students who are not studying at the Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television (AGRFT). Here its partners are GT22, the Slovene National Theatre Nova Gorica, Moment Arts and Culture Association and the Public Fund for Cultural Activities.

Regardless of particular endeavours, Glej, a member of the East European Performing Arts Platform (EEPAP), remains dedicated to young artists who often take their first steps in the theatre between the four pillars in Glej.

External links

Gallery

Puppet created by Jasna Vastl for Kako je Jaromir iskal srečo, directed by Ajda Rooss, Jasna Vastl & Brane Vižintin, premiere at Glej Theatre 11 March 2011

Press image for Šajning [Shining], directed by Borut Bučinel, premiere in Glej Theatre, 2010

Press image for Life®ranti, actors Maja Nemec and Luka Cimprič, directed by Miha Nemec, premiere at Glej Theatre 6 March 2011

R9-42U, directed by Marko Čeh, Glej Theatre 2010

Butcher Shop, conceived and directed by Sabina Schwenner as a musical and physical operation for the dismemberment of everyday questions. Produced by Glej Theatre in 2011.

Misterio Bufo, directed by Marko Bratuš, premiered at Glej Theatre, 8 April 2011

Prometheus: An apology for a split personality and a chorus of hungry men, based on Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound and Dostoyevsky's The Brothers Karamazov, directed by Simon Belak. Produced by Glej Theatre, 2013.

Alice directed by Tjaša Črnigoj. Produced by Glej Theatre (Glej Miniature series), 2014.

Freedom based on Ivan Cankar's essay White Chrysanthemum, conceived and performed by Branko Jordan and Miha Golob. Produced by Glej Theatre, 2014.

Katarina Stegnar and Jure Novak in a devised performance entitled Katarina on Demand at Glej Theatre, 2014.

We are coming, the third part of the theatre trilogy Silent City staged within the Glej Theatre residency programme under the direction of Jaša Koceli, 2014.

Sebastjan Starič in a devised performance entitled Razor: a duet for a performer and his character at Glej Theatre, 2015.

The conference of the birds, performance directed by Nina Rajić Kranjac; at Glej Theatre, 2015.

Performance The conference of the birds, directed by Glej’s 2015 resident Nina Rajić Kranjac at Glej Theatre.

A Potential Performance by Urška Brodar and Eva Nina Lampič at Glej Theatre, 2016.

Devised performance Nikita. Born in 1985. by Miha Golob, Maruša Majer and Maja Šorli at Glej Theatre, 2016.

Documentary performance Stranger Than Paradise by Mark Požlep at Glej Theatre, 2016.

Katarina Stegnar in An Orgy at Glej Theatre, 2017.

sz3 residency project led by Ivan Mijačević and Aleš Zorec; at Glej Theatre, 2017.

Soulshine guerrilla - lighting graffiti by Borut Bučinel at Glej Theatre, Lighting Guerrilla Festival, 2013

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Article
-| status       = NIFERTIK!
+| status       = PHOTO
 | maintainer   = Katja Kosi
 }}
@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 | name                = Glej Theatre
 | localname           = Gledališče Glej
+| logo                = Glej Theatre (logo).svg
 | street              = Gregorčičeva 3
 | town                = SI-1000 Ljubljana
-| telephone           = 386 (0) 1 251 6679
+| map                 = http://www.openstreetmap.org/?lon=14.50255&lat=46.04773&zoom=16&layer=mapnik
-| fax                 = 386 (0) 1 426 3162
+| telephone           = 386 (0) 1 421 9240
 | email               = info@glej.si
 | website             = http://www.glej.si
@@ Line 18: / Line 19: @@
 }}
 {{Contact
-| name                = Marko Bulc
+| name                = Barbara Poček
-| role                = Artistic Director
+| role                = Producer, head of international projects
-|email                = jure@glej.si
+|email                = barbara@glej.si
 }}
 {{Contact
-| name                = Barbara Poček
+| name                = Tina Malenšek
-| role                = Producer
+| role                = Public relations
-|email                = barbara@glej.si
+|email                = tina@glej.si
 }}
+| accounts =
+http://twitter.com/gledalisceglej
+http://www.facebook.com/glej.gledalisce
+http://www.flickr.com/photos/27494757@N02/sets/
+https://vimeo.com/glej
 }}
-{{Teaser|
-The oldest independent performing arts venue in Ljubljana, since its establishment as an experimental theatre in [[established::1970]], [[Glej Theatre]] has played an important role in the making of the Slovene theatre scene. Still the place for most unorthodox authors, whose aesthetics are often on the verge of the theatrical, the theatre has profiled itself as an alternative theatre of different poetics and genres with a programme that attracts very different audiences.
-{{Image|Sajning Urska boljkovac.jpg}}
+{{Teaser
+| image = Glej Theatre 2010 In the name of the people Photo Urska Boljkovac.jpg
+|
+Established in [[established::1970]], [[Glej Theatre]] is the oldest independent performing arts venue in Ljubljana. An important theatre production and education institution, Glej has been striving to explore theatrical practices in novel and daring ways ever since its early days. It remains a place open to unorthodox approaches and theatrical research, fore-fronting the upcoming generations of artists.
 }}
-==Overview==
+{{TeaserSlo|Gledališče Glej je najstarejše alternativno gledališko prizorišče v Ljubljani.}}
-The theatre emerged in the 1970s from a need for an alternative space for theatrical production in Ljubljana. It was founded by a group of directors, who were inspired by evolving experimental theatre approaches and introduced them into the Slovene space, such as [[Lado Kralj]], [[Dušan Jovanović]], [[Zvone Šedlbauer]], and others. Aiming for innovative and experimental approaches as well as new, more radical contents and sensibilities, the theatre chose its name (in English: Look) in view of the notions, developed by the American avant-garde theatre theoretician Richard Schechner. Since its beginnings, Glej has produced works that did not fit into the existing institutional theatre structures. Already in its formative years, Glej staged a number of successful performances, most notably [[Bojan Štih]]'s ''Monument G'' [Spomenik G] (1972), directed by [[Dušan Jovanović]], and [[Milan Jesih]]'s ''The Bitter Fruits of Justice'' [Grenki sadeži pravice] (1974), directed by [[Zvone Šedlbauer]], which strongly influenced the then Yugoslav theatre production.
+==Background==
+Glej, which first emerged under the name "Experimental theatre Glej", was initially a response to the need for an alternative space for independent theatrical productions in Ljubljana. It was founded by a group of directors &ndash; who were inspired by the evolving experimental theatre approaches and who also introduced them into the Slovene space &ndash; among [[Lado Kralj]], [[Dušan Jovanović]] and [[Zvone Šedlbauer]]. The name of the theatre (which can be translated as "Look!", "See!" or "Behold!") is a nod to the notions developed by the American theatre theorist and director Richard Schechner.
-In the 1980s, the theatre slowly moved away from radical experimental production. However, it retained its main orientation to produce works by emerging, innovative authors who were able to offer new aesthetics and emphases, and collaborated with a number of still influential Slovene directors, such as [[Vinko Möderndorfer]], [[Matjaž Zupančič]], and [[Eduard Miler]]. In the 1990s Glej opened up to various poetics under [[Nevenka Koprivšek]]'s programme direction, producing works of non-verbal, physical theatre by [[Iztok Kovač]], [[Matjaž Pograjc]], and [[Tomaž Štrucl]], as well as promoted unorthodox approaches, exercised by [[Nevenka Koprivšek]], [[Matjaž Berger]], [[Igor Štromajer]], [[Tomi Janežič]], [[Sebastjan Horvat]], [[Diego DeBrea]], [[Jernej Lorenci]], [[Ivana Djilas]], and [[Emil Hrvatin]]. It also produced comedies by [[Iztok Lovrić]] and the group Grejpfruit ("Grapefruit").
+Works that did not (and do not) fit into the existing institutional theatre structures are Glej's staple. Already in its formative years it staged a number of highly acclaimed performances, most notably [[Bojan Štih|Bojan Štih's]] ''Monument G'' (Spomenik G, 1972), directed by [[Dušan Jovanović]], and [[Milan Jesih|Milan Jesih's]] ''The Bitter Fruits of Justice'' (Grenki sadeži pravice, 1974), directed by [[Zvone Šedlbauer]], which strongly influenced the theatre production in then-Yugoslavia.
-In the last decade, Glej has continued to produce works of different aesthetics and genres, from classical stagings of dramatic texts and comedies to puppet and "post-dramatic" performances. However, Glej has always attracted authors whose work can be seen as unprejudiced, fascinated with the products of pop culture, and responding to new urban and anthropological phenomena. Its often-challenging productions were enthusiastically accepted by the audience and the expert publics, for example, [[Diego de Brea]]'s ''Stab in the Heart'' [Dvoboj] (2002), which won the special award at the [[Borštnik Theatre Festival]] and was invited to numerous international festivals (among others the invitation was extended also by the legendary director Peter Brook), and the chamber opera ''Mnemosyne'' by [[Iztok Lovrić]] and [[Gregor Strniša]], which won the [[Šeligo Award]] as well as the Audience Award at the 2007 [[Slovene Drama Week|Week of Slovenian Drama]] in Kranj.
+During the 1980s, the theatre slowly moved away from radical experimental production. However, it retained its main orientation towards emerging and innovative authors able to offer new aesthetics and emphases. In the coming decades, it collaborated with a number of (still influential) directors and authors such as [[Vinko Möderndorfer]], [[Eduard Miler]], [[Iztok Kovač]], [[Matjaž Pograjc]], [[Matjaž Berger]], [[Igor Štromajer]], [[Jernej Lorenci]], [[Tomi Janežič]], [[Sebastjan Horvat]], [[Diego DeBrea]], [[Ivana Djilas]], [[Ivica Buljan]] and [[Emil Hrvatin]], to name but a few.
 ==Programme==
-Following its policy to promote new ideas, approaches, and aesthetics, Glej Theatre annually produces or co-produces over a dozen performances of different genres, ranging from classical dramatic stagings to physical theatre and even dance works. A number of Slovene directors and authors have collaborated with the theatre on a regular basis, among others, [[Simona Semenić]], [[Alen Jelen]], [[Jure Novak]], [[Nick Upper]], [[Ajda Valcl]], [[Dušan Teropšič]], [[Nebojša Pop-Tasić]], etc. The theatre has also co-produced and hosted several [[Via Negativa]] performances.
+A rather small place in the old city centre, Glej has profiled itself as an alternative theatre of a diverse nature, setting up "devised theatre" alongside classical dramatic works, puppetry and even dance performances. It fosters numerous collaborations with Slovene as well as international organisations and often lends its premises for various independent artistic productions and festivals. Its challenging performances are frequently invited to international festivals, collecting several awards.
+{{Wide Image|Glej Theatre 2015 The Conference of the Birds. Photo Suncan Stone.jpg}}
+===Art direction===
+As of the 2016/17 season, the theatre is led by a collective body, an "artistic council", which comprises personnel from different fields (production, criticism, public relations and organisation) and cooperates with the artists from conception to post-production to foster collaboration and safeguard high-quality art production. This gives Glej the flexibility to swiftly respond to any potential initiatives and needs in the theatre community.
+===Production through artist development===
+The theatre annually produces or co-produces several performances of different genres and styles. To counter hyper-productivity and fragmentation of the contemporary performing arts scene, Glej aims to develop and offer sustained support to artists (both those with established careers and those who are new to making work) by providing them the conditions for continuous production and opportunities for future work (also outside of the production itself, through education and visiting projects).
+{{wide image|Glej Theatre 2014 Prihajamo We are coming Photo Mankica Kranjec.jpg}}
-During the last years, Glej strives to attract larger audiences with its productions. In 2009, it produced several successful mixed-genre performances, such as the engaged agit-prop musical ''Out of Principle'' [Iz Principa] (2009), based on the figure of Gavrilo Princip, who set the seed for the start of World War I with the assassination of Franz Ferdinand; the comedy ''Čefurji Raus'' (2009), directed by [[Marko Bulc]], co-produced by [[No History Institute of Contemporary Arts]], and based on [[Goran Vojnović]]'s novel, which won the 2009 [[Prešeren Award and Prešeren Foundation Awards|Prešeren Foundation Award]]; and [[Jelena Rusjan]]'s debut [[Škrip Orkestra|Screetch Orchestra]] [Škrip Orkester] (2009), all of which toured extensively throughout Slovenia. Glej enters co-productions with a number of Slovene organisation, such as [[City of Women International Festival of Contemporary Arts]], [[ŠKUC Association]], [[Ljubljana City Theatre (MGL)]], [[Integrali Cultural Association]], [[KUD Nor]], etc.
+As of 2013, the theatre runs ''Glej, Resident'', a unique residency programme offering upcoming artists the opportunity to research, develop and produce their own poetics over a period of one year as an antidote to the prevailing fast-production models. Glej also runs a platform for short experimental theatre pieces, regardless of whether they are completed works or works in progress, called ''Glej, Miniatures''. Glej strives to keep its programme structure open also through a year-round open call for theatrical and multidisciplinary projects.
-Glej regularly invites authors to collaborate with innovative, engaged, and proactive concepts, projects, and texts. The projects thus include independent evening-length productions, solo projects, débuts, children's performances, and miniatures (research of concepts or fragments), which can offer topical investigations and contextualisations of contemporaneity, contemporary identity, ideology, and demand an active response from the spectator. Glej Theatre also hosts small-scale home and international performances of theatre, comedy, mime, puppetry, and multimedia works.
+Glej Theatre frequently collaborates with other institutions, be they fellow theatres or those coming from other artistic fields. One of its more striking collaborative enterprises is ''Transferzala'', a combined season ticket for six independent Ljubljana theatres: [[Mini Theatre]], [[Dance Theatre Ljubljana]], [[Španski borci Culture Centre]], [[Stara Elektrarna - Old Power Station]], [[Vodnik Homestead]] and Glej Theatre. It is also one of the producers of the [[Trigger Festival]].
-In 2000, Glej launched the programme for children ''Little Glej'' that presents puppet performances and organises theatre workshops for the youngest. Thus far, in the frame of the project Glej has produced many classical stories (''Little Red Riding Hood'', ''Hansel and Gretel'', ''Snow White'', etc.), directed by renowned Slovene puppet artists, as well as entered co-productions, for example with the [[Fru Fru Puppet Theatre]] in 2006 for the performance ''Goldilocks and the Three Bears'' [Zlatolaska in trije medvedi], directed by [[Irena Rajh]] and [[Ajda Rooss]]. The programme invites other producers to present their performances for children on the Glej stage.
+Glej also publishes a journal called ''Glej, Paper'', reflecting on the state of contemporary theatre and on how this particular theatre house deals with it.
-Glej also organises the all-year-round platform School of Creative Criticism, which offers opportunities to young writers to master and contextualise their practice in view of classical and contemporary performing arts. The participants are included in the activities and programmes of Glej Theatre.
+===Empowering less privileged groups through education and cultural production===
-==Promoting Slovene playwriting==
+Glej differs from other theatres in Slovenia by its unique way of identifying and addressing challenges in the performing arts community in Slovenia. (It has initiated a number of platforms that were later used by major institutions, one of them being the now defunct [[PreGlej na glas! Playwriting Festival]], meant for the development of quality Slovene playwriting.) Recognising the urgency for addressing the needs of less privileged social groups (teenagers, seniors), Glej runs the ''Generation 2 Generation'' programme, with partners from the Netherlands, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and France, which aims to culturally empower these groups by developing their skills and offering them suitable contents. To this purpose, the theatre runs the project ''ŠtudenTeater'' (StudenTheatre), which encourages and facilitates cultural production amongst students who are not studying at the [[Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television (AGRFT)]]. Here its partners are [[GT22]], the [[Slovene National Theatre Nova Gorica]], [[Moment Arts and Culture Association]] and the [[Public Fund for Cultural Activities of the Republic of Slovenia|Public Fund for Cultural Activities]].
-In collaboration with the [[Integrali Cultural Association]], Glej has introduced the pioneering programme for the promotion and development of quality Slovene playwriting with the programme [[PreGlej]]. Offering a wide range of activities, PreGlej aims to establish necessary and tighter connections between young playwrights and directors and actors, as well as offers opportunities for the presentation of dramatic texts. Further, PreGlej organises the PreGlej Laboratory, a series of meetings of playwrights, directors, and dramaturgs who analyse dramatic texts before they are included into the PreGlej readings. Works developed in the PreGlej Laboratory have been staged at [[Ljubljana City Theatre (MGL)]], [[Prešeren Theatre Kranj]], Glej Theatre, and have been published in different compendiums and journals.
-In the frame of the programme, the annual [[PreGlej na glas! Playwriting Festival]] is organised in collaboration with the [[Slovene Drama Week|Week of Slovenian Drama]], [[Cankarjev dom Culture and Congress Centre]], [[Academy of Theatre, Radio, Film and Television (AGRFT)]], and [[Public Fund for Cultural Activities of the Republic of Slovenia]]. The 2009 festival published a bulletin and a compendium of four plays, read and analysed at the festival.
-==International cooperation==
+Regardless of particular endeavours, Glej, a member of the East European Performing Arts Platform (EEPAP), remains dedicated to young artists who often take their first steps in the theatre between the four pillars in Glej.
-Glej is a member of the international project ''Development of New Art (DNA)'' that supports talented emerging artists in the interdisciplinary field between physical, dance, visual, non-verbal, and experimental theatre, who are seeking new approaches in their work. The goal of the project is to support artists' creative growth, transnational mobility, and professional connections with fellow artists and the audiences from all over Europe. In the frame of the project, a number of workshops, residencies, and guest performances are organised. The project's partners come from the Czech Republic, Denmark, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia.
-In December 2009, Glej presented its productions and activities in Volksteater in Vienna, at the festival ''Die besten aus dem Osten!!''. Beside discussions and round tables, the festival also hosted [[Via Negativa]]'s performance ''Incasso'', [[Simona Semenič]]'s reading of her [[Grum Award]]-winning play ''5boys.si'' [5fantkov.si] (2008), and the performance ''You Didn't Forget, You Just Don't Remember Anymore'' [Nisi pozabila, samo ne spomniš se več] (2008).
 ==See also==
-* [[PreGlej na glas! Playwriting Festival]]
+*[[Moment Arts and Culture Association]]
-* [[Integrali Cultural Association]]
+*[[GT22]]
-* [[Via Negativa]]
+*[[Pocket Teater Studio]]
-* [[Puppetry Creators Institute (ULU)]]
 ==External links==
-* [http://www.glej.si/ Glej Theatre website] (in Slovenian)
+* [http://www.glej.si/en/ Glej Theatre website]
-* [http://www.glej.si/ PreGlej website]
+* [https://issuu.com/glejtheatre Glej fanzines, publications]
-* [http://www.flickr.com/photos/27494757@N02/sets/ Glej Theatre on Flickr]
+* [http://veza.sigledal.org/prispevki/glej-40-let About ''Glej - 40 years'' publication on Sigledal.org]
-* [http://www.dna-project.eu/ Development of New Art (DNA) project website]
+* [http://www.g2gproject.eu/ Generation to generation project website]
-* [http://www.facebook.com/#!/Gledalisce.Glej Glej Theatre on Facebook]
+* [http://eepap.culture.pl/ East European Performing Arts Platform website]
+* [http://www.transferzala.si Transferzala website]
 {{Gallery}}
@@ Line 92: / Line 110: @@
 [[Category:Puppetry event organisers]]
 [[Category:Event organisers]]
+[[Category:EU funding of Slovene organisations (Culture and MEDIA Programmes)]]
+[[Category:EU Culture funding recipient]]
+[[Category:EU Creative Europe, Culture funding recipient]]
+[[Category:Updated 2017]]
+[[Category:Theatre & Dance]]
+[[Category:Puppetry_festival_and_event_organisers]]
+[[Category:Theatre_festival_and_event_organisers]]

Difference between revisions of "Glej Theatre"

Latest revision as of 12:48, 2 March 2023

Contents